聚丙烯酰胺廠家聚(ju)丙烯酰(xian)胺(an)作為潤滑(hua)劑、懸浮劑、粘土穩定劑、驅油劑、降失水劑和增(zeng)稠(chou)劑，在鉆井、酸化(hua)、壓(ya)裂、堵水、固井及二次采(cai)油、三次采(cai)油中得到了廣泛應用(yong),是(shi)一種極(ji)為重要的油田(tian)化(hua)學品。
聚丙烯酰胺廠家【聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)酰(xian)胺(an)(an)】為(wei)(wei)白(bai)色粉末或者小顆粒狀(zhuang)物(wu)，密度(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)1.32g/cm3(23度(du)(du)），玻(bo)璃(li)(li)化溫度(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)188度(du)(du)，軟化溫度(du)(du)近于(yu)210度(du)(du)，一般方法干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)(zao)時含有(you)少量(liang)(liang)的(de)水，干(gan)(gan)(gan)時又會(hui)很快(kuai)從(cong)環境(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)吸取水分(fen)(fen)，用冷凍(dong)干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)(zao)法分(fen)(fen)離的(de)均聚(ju)物(wu)是(shi)白(bai)色松軟的(de)非結(jie)晶(jing)固體(ti)，但(dan)是(shi)當從(cong)溶液(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)沉淀(dian)并(bing)干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)(zao)后則為(wei)(wei)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)狀(zhuang)部分(fen)(fen)透明(ming)的(de)固體(ti)，完全干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)(zao)的(de)聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)酰(xian)胺(an)(an)PAM是(shi)脆性的(de)白(bai)色固體(ti)，商品聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)酰(xian)胺(an)(an)干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)(zao)通常是(shi)在(zai)(zai)適度(du)(du)的(de)條(tiao)件下干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)(zao)的(de)，一般含水量(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)5%~15%，澆鑄在(zai)(zai)玻(bo)璃(li)(li)板上制備的(de)高(gao)分(fen)(fen)子膜，則是(shi)透明(ming)、堅硬、易碎的(de)固體(ti)。聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)酰(xian)胺(an)(an)聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)酰(xian)胺(an)(an)是(shi)一種(zhong)線型高(gao)分(fen)(fen)子聚(ju)合物(wu)，產品主(zhu)要分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)干(gan)(gan)(gan)粉和(he)膠體(ti)兩種(zhong)形式。按其平均分(fen)(fen)子量(liang)(liang)可(ke)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)低分(fen)(fen)子量(liang)(liang)(<100 萬(wan))、中(zhong)(zhong)分(fen)(fen)子量(liang)(liang)(200~400 萬(wan))和(he)高(gao)分(fen)(fen)子量(liang)(liang)(>700萬(wan))三(san)類。
聚丙烯酰胺按其結構(gou)又可(ke)分為(wei)非(fei)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)型、陰離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)型和(he)陽離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)型。陰離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)型多為(wei)PAM 的(de)(de)水(shui)解體(HPAM)。聚(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)的(de)(de)主(zhu)鏈上帶有大量(liang)的(de)(de)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)基,化(hua)學活性(xing)很高(gao)(gao)，可(ke)以改性(xing)制取許多聚(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)的(de)(de)衍生物，產品已廣泛應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)造紙、選(xuan)(xuan)礦、采油、冶金(jin)、建材(cai)、污(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)理等(deng)(deng)行業(ye)。 聚(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)是聚(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)分子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)鏈所(suo)(suo)帶的(de)(de) 電荷(he)(electric charge)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)（單位:g/cm3或kg/m3)。離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de) 選(xuan)(xuan)擇往(wang)往(wang)會(hui)決定污(wu)(wu)泥脫(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)效果(guo)(guo)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)行業(ye)產生污(wu)(wu)水(shui) 污(wu)(wu)泥不(bu)(bu)(bu)一樣，因(yin)此所(suo)(suo)選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de) 聚(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)也不(bu)(bu)(bu)一樣。離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)過低，污(wu)(wu)泥絮(xu)團不(bu)(bu)(bu)夠緊密(mi)(mi)，如(ru)果(guo)(guo)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)過高(gao)(gao)，則污(wu)(wu)泥絮(xu)團會(hui)有過量(liang)電荷(he)而排斥。比如(ru)城市污(wu)(wu)水(shui)應為(wei)有機物高(gao)(gao)，常選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)聚(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)，50度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，60度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)效果(guo)(guo)較佳(jia)。造紙廠則選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)20度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du) ，30度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)聚(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)就(jiu)(jiu)可(ke)以。此外脫(tuo)(tuo)泥設備(shèbèi)往(wang)往(wang)也會(hui)對聚(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)有所(suo)(suo)要求(qiu)，脫(tuo)(tuo)泥離(li)(li)(li)心機比壓(ya)濾(lv)機對離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)要求(qiu)稍高(gao)(gao)。 污(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)理廠壓(ya)泥用(yong)(yong)(yong)聚(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)分子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)量(liang)大不(bu)(bu)(bu)意(yi)味著性(xing)能(neng)就(jiu)(jiu)好，分子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)量(liang)小(xiao)也不(bu)(bu)(bu)意(yi)味著性(xing)能(neng)就(jiu)(jiu)差，主(zhu)要還是要看用(yong)(yong)(yong)途，如(ru)果(guo)(guo)在污(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)理領域用(yong)(yong)(yong)來(lai)脫(tuo)(tuo)泥，還得結合脫(tuo)(tuo)泥設備和(he)污(wu)(wu)泥性(xing)質，如(ru)果(guo)(guo)是用(yong)(yong)(yong)在傳統的(de)(de) 履帶式壓(ya)濾(lv)機，分子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)量(liang)很高(gao)(gao)可(ke)能(neng)會(hui)導致(cause)濾(lv)布阻塞，脫(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)性(xing)差等(deng)(deng)問題(Emerson)，影響(influence)脫(tuo)(tuo)水(shui)效果(guo)(guo)，一般(ban)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)30-40度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)聚(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)；如(ru)果(guo)(guo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)在離(li)(li)(li)心式脫(tuo)(tuo)泥機，因(yin)其工作原理不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)，分子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)量(liang)要求(qiu)就(jiu)(jiu)要高(gao)(gao)一點，要求(qiu)產生的(de)(de) 絮(xu)團能(neng)盡量(liang)耐剪切，也可(ke)以理解為(wei)絮(xu)團要足(zu)夠結實，所(suo)(suo)以要選(xuan)(xuan)擇分子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)量(liang)在50度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)以上的(de)(de) 產品。
